Stocks have put up two huge years in a row, but just how rare are consecutive 20% returns?

The Santa Claus rally many were hoping for never came. In fact, stock markets did their best to dampen the mood ahead of the New Year’s celebrations, but even the small blip at the end of December hasn’t changed the fundamental story of 2024: this was a very good year to own stocks.

At the final bell, the S&P 500 Index had notched a 25% total return (including dividends reinvested, per SlickCharts data) in 2024. That builds on the 26% return from 2023 and marks the first time that the index has recorded consecutive gains over 20% in 2.5 decades. In the late 1990s, investors enjoyed a record-breaking five years in a row of stellar returns, before the dot-com bubble eventually burst and a few years of pain began.

So what are the chances of a three-peat? Well, no one has a crystal ball, but here are five crucial charts to watch for 2025.