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The magic formula: As Disney turns 100, its business model is still a dream come true

The magic formula: As Disney turns 100, its business model is still a dream come true

Once upon a studio

Today marks exactly 100 years since 2 brothers, Walt and Roy, set up an animation studio in a nondescript LA office that would go on to shape the entertainment landscape: The Walt Disney Company, or the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, as it was known back then.

The monolith that is the modern House of Mouse has been celebrating the milestone with a range of merchandise and events across its parks. However, it’s the company’s short film, Once Upon a Studio — featuring 543 memorable characters — that’s been the standout.

The magic formula

As it’s grown into one of the biggest media companies in the world, modern Disney obviously looks different to how it did in 1923. A series of acquisitions in recent years, for example, has seen the company’s focus shift from Mickey to Marvel and Fantasia to Fox. But, to generalize, what really has lived on is Disney's core formula for the business: make content and characters people love, and monetize them in multiple ways.

Ever since 1955, when Disney first opened the gates to the Magic Kingdom, the company has made most of its money through a heady mixture of theme parks and ever-popular TV and movie content.

Indeed, flicking back through the archives, we found the company’s 1960 annual report, which detailed $18 million in amusement park income, with film rentals and TV income totaling $18.4 million and $5 million, respectively. Although the **m**illions have become **b**illions — and divisions have been split-up, put back together, and renamed countless times — the core structure of the Disney business really is not-so-different, all these decades later.

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$5.6B

Disney could be well on its way to its third billion-dollar film of the year following a $345 million opening weekend for “Avatar: Fire and Ash.” The film’s opening gross puts the “Avatar” franchise’s total box office earnings at $5.6 billion — and counting.

The latest film, the second “Avatar” entry under Disney’s tent, earned about 75% of its total box office gross internationally — in line with previous movies in the (as of now) trilogy. Domestically, this one earned $88 million, falling short of expectations.

“Fire and Ash” was the widest Imax release ever, debuting on 1,703 screens globally and earning $43.6 million through the format. The $345 million “Fire and Ash” opening weekend was the second-highest of 2025, behind Disney’s “Zootopia 2,” which recently passed the $1 billion mark, globally.

Year to date, Disney has earned $5.8 billion globally at the box office.

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In less than 3 weeks, Disney’s “Zootopia 2” becomes the second billion-dollar film of 2025

The global film industry officially has its second billion-dollar film of the year, as Disney’s “Zootopia 2” surged past the $1 billion box office mark in just 17 days. The other billion-dollar film this year, the live-action “Lilo & Stitch,” was also made by Disney.

“Zootopia” was the fastest to reach 10 figures of any animated film. The animated hit, which had the highest-grossing global debut of the year over Thanksgiving weekend, has benefited from massive numbers in China.

Disney also logged two billion-dollar films last year with “Inside Out 2” and “Moana 2.” (The latter also came out over the Thanksgiving holiday.) The only other film to cross the mark in 2024 was “Deadpool and Wolverine,” which featured Disney’s IP.

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